High-casein diet restores the redox balance in the liver and pancreatic health of mice when exposed to radiation during call mode from mobile phones

Abstract

Introduction: The current lives of human beings cannot be imagined without cellular phones and electronic gadgets. Still, the probability
of being exposed to their harmful radiation is unabated which demands an immediate intervention to shield humankind from being
affected by using such devices. In our current investigation, we aimed to check the role of a high-casein diet as a protective measure
against the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emerging from mobile phones on hepatic and pancreatic systems
Methods: Swiss albino mice (n=24) were fed on a standard laboratory diet (ND; n=12) and an isocaloric high-casein diet (HCD; n=12).
Six mice from each dietary group were exposed to mobile phone radiation for 3 hours/day within a 3 months span. Histopathological
alterations were studied in hepatic and pancreatic tissues by using Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-hematoxylin and routine H&E staining
methods. Biochemical evaluation of total serum protein, lipid profile and glucose, total glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and antioxidant
enzymatic activities of hepatic tissues were performed. Results: Hyperglycemia was noticeable along with a reduced number and area
of islets of Langerhans in radiation-exposed mice when compared to other groups. This was supported by the observation of depleted
glycogen reserves in their liver. Additionally, distorted hepatic morphology with nuclear degeneration was suggestive of apoptotic
progression. The total glutathione pool was reduced on radiation exposure, hint at redox imbalance. HCD was competent in preserving
the normal pancreas and liver functioning in radiation-exposed mice.